LOW VOLUME IRRIGATION

Low volume irrigation is sometimes referred to as _____________________.
1. Drip irrigation
2. Trickle irrigation
3. Overhead irrigation
4. A & B
Low volume systems require proper design, installation, maintenance and _______________for optimum water savings and plant performance.
1. Plant selection
2. Operation
3. Depth
4. Emitters
Unlike overhead irrigation systems, the primary design goal of a low volume system is to apply water to ___________________, either directly to the plant root zone or in a limited area.
1. A specific location
2. A specific plant
3. A uniform soil depth
4. A uniform pressure
Maintaining a low volume system requires careful attention because problems may be _______________ than a conventional overhead irrigation system.
1. More costly to repair
2. Less costly to repair
3. More noticeable
4. Less noticeable
One of the most important benefits of low-volume irrigation is the potential to ______________.
1. Reduce or eliminate water waste
2. Reduce maintenance costs
3. Improve plant health
4. All of the above
The top half of a plants root system absorbs up to _____ percent of the plant’s water and nutrient intake.
1. 50
2. 60
3. 70
4. 80
Low volume systems assist in reducing significant _____________ soil wetting and drying
1. Amounts of
2. Water loses through
3. Fluctuations
4. Uniformity in
Low volume irrigation systems enable landscape plants to tolerate higher levels of _________ in the irrigation water.
1. pH
2. Carbonates and Bicarbonates
3. Fluoride
4. Salinity
Low volume irrigation limits the amount of water on the plant’s foliage, which in turn can greatly assist in avoiding _______________.
1. Plant diseases
2. Insect infestations
3. Nutritional deficiencies
4. Nutritional toxicities
Successive wetting and drying cycles can cause _________________, which can limit flow rate and/or render a low volume irrigation system inoperable.
1. Deposits of carbonates
2. Deposits of bicarbonates
3. Deposits of organic debris
4. A & B